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CHICKWEED, COMMON
Chickweed, Common
[Stellaria media (L.) Vill.]
DESCRIPTION
Common
chickweed is a low-spreading winter annual or perennial weed with a weak,
shallow root system. The prostrate stems often root at the nodes. Its spreading
growth covers adjacent turf and seriously impedes turf growth. Chickweed often
forms extensive, dense patches. Stems have vertical lines of hairs. Small white
flowers are borne in clusters at the end of the stems. Flowers have five deeply
notched petals and, though small, are quite noticeable. Common chickweed is
similar in growth habit (spreading) and appearance to mouseear chickweed, but
mouseear chickweed leaves are covered with soft hairs, and are dark green or
gray-green, whereas common chickweed leaves are less hairy and are light green.
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Characteristic
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Description
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Growth Season
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winter annual or perennial weed
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Growth Habit
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prostrate, spreading; mat-forming; young plants are erect
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Leaflet Number
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one
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Leaf Margin
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smooth
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Leaf Hairs
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upper/lower surface
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Leaf/Leaflet Shape
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ovate with pointed tip, broadly elliptical, egg-shaped
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Leaf Width
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<1/2 - 1 inch
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Leaf Venation
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pinnate
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Leaf Arrangement
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opposite
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Root Type
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fibrous
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Flower Color
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white
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common chickweed
flowers
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common chickweed
seedhead
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Note: Still not
sure this is the right weed? The Turf
& Weed Identification Decision Aid may help. Check the TurfFiles glossary for definitions
of unfamiliar terms.
CULTURAL
CONTROL
Chickweed
will survive under close mowing, forming dense patches which crowd out the
desirable turfgrass. This weed quickly invades thin turf areas especially where
there is good soil moisture. Shade and frequent watering encourage chickweed
growth.
CHEMICAL
CONTROL
Certain preemergence herbicides
may be used to control chickweed in areas where reseeding or overseeding of
turf is not planned. These are applied in the fall prior to expected
germination of chickweed, which is encouraged by cool temperatures and adequate
moisture. Timely applications (early postemergence) of 3- and 4-way herbicides
provide postemergence control.
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Preemergence herbicides:
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Herbicide
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Tolerant Turfs (1)
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Average
Efficacy Rating(2)
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Range of Trial Efficacy Values, %
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Number of
Trials
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Products (3)
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atrazine*
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be, c, sa, z
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E
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0
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AAtrex 4L
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simazine
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be, c, sa, z
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E
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0
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Princep
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isoxaben
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ba, bc, be, bk, c, f, r, sa, z
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E
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0
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Gallery 75
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pronamide*
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be
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E
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0
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Kerb
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pendimethalin
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ba, be, bk, c, f, r, sa, z
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G-E
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0
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Pendulum, PRE-M, Scott's Turf Builder With Halts
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prodiamine
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bc, be, bk, c, f, r, sa, z
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G
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0
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Barricade, Lesco Stonewall, Quali-Pro Prodiamine,
RegalKade
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dithiopyr
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ba, bc, be, bk, c, f, r, sa, z
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G
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0
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Dimension, Quali-Pro Dithiopyr**, Vigoro Crabgrass
Preventer, Vigoro Dimension
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oryzalin
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ba, be, c, f, sa, z
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G
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0
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Quali-Pro Oryzalin, Surflan A.S.
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metolachlor
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ba, be, c, sa, z
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F
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0
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Pennant Magnum
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Postemergence herbicides:
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Herbicide
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Tolerant Turfs (1)
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Average
Efficacy Rating(2)
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Range of Trial Efficacy Values, %
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Number of
Trials
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Products (3)
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2,4-D & dicamba & mecoprop
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bk, f, r, z
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E
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100
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4
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MEC Amine-D*, Trimec Bentgrass, Trimec Classic, Trimec
Southern, Triplet
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2,4-D & dicamba & fluroxypyr
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ba, bc, be, bk, f, r, sa, z
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E
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100
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3
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Escalade
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metsulfuron
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be, sa, z
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E
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100
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3
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Escort**, Manor
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2,4-D & carfentrazone & dicamba & mecoprop
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ba, bc, be, bk, f, r, z
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E
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97 - 100
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2
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Speed Zone, Speed Zone Southern
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dicamba & MCPA & mecoprop*
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bc, be, bk, f, r, z
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E
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100
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2
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TRI-POWER
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2,4-D & dicamba & fluroxypyr & mecoprop
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bk, f, r, z
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E
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100
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1
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Spotlight & Trimec Southern
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2,4-D & dicamba & mecoprop & sulfentrazone
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bc, bk, f, r, z
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E
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100
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1
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Dismiss & Trimec Classic, Surge*
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fluroxypyr & metsulfuron
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sa, z
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E
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100
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1
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Manor & Spotlight
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rimsulfuron**
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be
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E
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100
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1
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TranXit GTA
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trifloxysulfuron-sodium
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be, z
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E
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100
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1
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Monument
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2,4-D & triclopyr*
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bk, f, r
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E
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0
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Chaser
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dicamba
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ba, be, bk, f, r, z
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E
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0
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Banvel, Clarity, Vanquish
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imazaquin
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be, c, sa, z
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E
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0
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Image
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bentazon
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ba, bc, be, bk, c, f, sa, z
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G
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0
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Basagran T/O
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metribuzin
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be
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G
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0
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Sencor 75 Turf
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pronamide*
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be
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G
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0
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Kerb
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fluroxypyr
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ba, bk, c, f, r, sa, z
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F
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70 - 84
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2
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Spotlight
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glyphosate
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F
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53 - 100
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2
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Glyphosate Original, Roundup, Touchdown Pro**
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Footnotes:
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(1)
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Turfgrass Codes:
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ba
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bahiagrass
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bc
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bentgrass, creeping
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be
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bermudagrass
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bk
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bluegrass, Kentucky
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c
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centipedegrass
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f
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fescue, tall
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r
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ryegrass, perennial
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sa
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St. Augustinegrass
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z
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zoysiagrass
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blank
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No turfgrass in the database is
completely tolerant. Check label to see if chemical can be used at a reduced
rate or during the dormant season on your turfgrass.
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(2)
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Efficacy Ratings:
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E
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excellent control (90 to 100%)
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G
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good control (80 to 90%)
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F
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fair control (70 to 80%)
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Efficacy ratings are based on
herbicide trials performed by weed scientists at North Carolina State University between 1997 and 2007. The number of trials included in the efficacy ratings
is displayed in the next-to-last column. The higher this number, the more
confidence can be placed in the efficacy values. Trials may have involved
sequential applications of one or more chemical. Details of individual trials
(herbicide rates, dates of application, environmental conditions at time of
application, etc) can be viewed on the TurfFiles web site, through the Turf Weed Management
Decision Aid.
Efficacy ratings for chemicals
lacking trial data are from “Pest
Management Strategic Plan for Turfgrass in the Southern United States,”
summary of a workshop for turf experts from multiple universities held in Griffin, GA in October, 2004 and sponsored by the Southern Region Integrated Pest
Management Center.
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(3)
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Recommendations of specific
chemicals are based upon information on the manufacturer's label and
performance in a limited number of trials. Because environmental conditions
and methods of application may vary widely, performance of the chemical will
not always conform to the safety and pest control standards indicated by
experimental data. The order in which brand names are given is not an
indication of a recommendation or criticism.
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Recommendations for the use of
agricultural chemicals are included in this publication as a convenience to
the reader. The use of brand names and any mention or listing of commercial
products or services does not imply endorsement by North Carolina State University or discrimination against similar products or services not mentioned. Other
brand names may be labeled for use on turfgrasses. Individuals who use agricultural
chemicals are responsible for ensuring that the intended use complies with
current regulations and conforms to the product label. Be sure to obtain
current information about usage regulations and examine a current product
label before applying any chemical. For assistance, contact your county's
Cooperative Extension agent.
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© North Carolina State University. This information sheet was prepared
by Fred Yelverton, Bridget R. Lassiter, Gail G. Wilkerson, Leon Warren, Travis Gannon, Jenifer J. Reynolds, and Gregory S. Buol. Department of Crop
Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, North Carolina State
University. Prepared July 15, 2008. Available on-line at
www.turffiles.ncsu.edu. This publication was made possible through a grant
provided by the Center for Turfgrass Environmental Research & Education
(CENTERE) whose purpose is to support worthwhile projects that will benefit
both the private sector and the public, and protect the environment.
KEYWORDS FOUND IN THIS ARTICLE:
| Jan 17, 2012 |
Virginia Turf Conference
|
F. Yelverton
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|
Weed Management
|
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| Dec 21, 2010 |
2010 NC Turfgrass Conference & Show
|
T. Gannon
|
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Advanced Turf Weed Management for LCOs
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| Feb 01, 2010 |
2010 NC Turfgrass Conference
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S. Brinton
|
|
Characteristics of Weeds for Weed ID
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| Nov 10, 2009 |
CS 414 CLASS
|
L. Warren
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Turfgrass Weed Management in North Carolina
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| Jan 08, 2008 |
Turfgrass of NC Conference
|
T. Gannon
|
|
Managing Difficult Landscape Weeds
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| Aug 01, 2006 |
Forage Conference
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F. Yelverton
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|
Pasture Weed Management in North Carolina
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| Feb 20, 2006 |
Cumberland County TCNC Demo Days
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L. Warren
|
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Newer Herbicides for Late Winter Early Spring Weed Control in Turf
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| Feb 06, 2006 |
Orange County
|
L. Warren
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Winter and Spring Broadleaf Weed Control in Tall Fescue Pastures
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| Jan 10, 2006 |
Turfgrass of NC Conference
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M. Martin
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Making North Carolina Herbicide Recommendations Work for You
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| Feb 19, 2005 |
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L. Warren
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New Herbicides for Difficult-to-Control Weeds in Turf
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| Feb 15, 2005 |
Wake Co., NC Turf Meeting
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L. Warren
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Postemergence Winter Weed and Preemergence Crabgrass Control
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| Feb 10, 2005 |
Rockingham County Meeting
|
L. Warren
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Winter Annual and Cool-Season Perennial Weed ID and Control in Pastures
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| Dec 20, 2003 |
|
L. Warren
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Turfgrass Weed Management in North Carolina - Dec. 2003
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| Oct 21, 2003 |
|
L. Warren
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Turfgrass Weed Management in North Carolina - Oct. 2003
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| Jan 21, 2003 |
|
L. Warren
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Basic Weed Management - 2003 TCNC
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| Items: 15 |  |  |  |  |   |
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